Heater



W. H. BRISCOE. HEATER. APFLICATIONlfILED F'EB. 21.1919.

1 ,32 1 975 v Patented Nov. 18, 1919.

W. H. B r isc oe vwwboz earns Ncrm winnaar) n. Baiseor., or Mission,muxas, Assiettes. or own-naar :no roi-1N n. snaar,

' or Mission, TEXAS.

HEATER.

naamw.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov.. 18, 1919.

Application 1ed`February 21, 1919. `Serial No. 278,499.

To au whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIARD H.\B1usoon, a citizen of the United States,residing at Mission, county `of Hidalgo, Texas, have invented a certainnew and useful Improvement in Heaters, of which the following is a full,clear, and eXact description, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to heaters and has special reference to heatersdesigned for use in orchards for raising the temperature of theatmosphere at times when frosts or freezing temperature is threatened.

There have been many heaters of various designs produced for the purposeof heat` ing orchards but most of these are only partially successful.The object of my inven-l tion is to produce a heater which is simple instructure and cheap to manufacture and v which will at the same time beefficient in raising the temperature of the atmosphere in the vicinity.Y

Another object is to produce a device of the character described whichwill be capable of burning oil or other similar hydrocarbon and whichwill allow a plentiful supply of air in such a manner as to cause.

approximately complete combustion.

Referring to the drawings forming a part of this specification and inwhich like characters of reference are applied to like parts throughoutthe views, Figure 1 is a side view in elevation showing the exteriorconstruction of my improved heater. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectionthrough my heater, showing the interior construction thereof. Fig. 3 isa top plan view of the same.

My heater is specially adapted for burning crude oil or petroleum and isformed with a lower container l., preferably cylindrical in shape, saidcontainer having an upper frusto-conical. inclined portion 2,terminating in a cylindrical nipple 2', which may be crimped or fiutedas shown in Fig. 3. This nipple connects the container l, with anelongated outlet pipe 3, designed to carry off the products ofcombustion. This outlet pipe or smoke stack 3, is detachably litted overthe nipple 2 and may be used or not as desired. At one side of thecontainer l, and toward the upper part thereof is a laterally extendingspout or hearth 4, having an upper approximately horizontal opening 5provided with a lid 6, adapted to close or regulate the size of theopening 5 and thereby control the draft when the heater is burning. Thislid 6 is hinged at its inner end 7 and may be regulated as to the heightto which it is raised by means of an outer supporting member 8, pivoted,to the outer end of the lid at 9, and provided with notches l0 forcontact with the outer end of the hearth 4- to adjust the "amount ofdraft` allowed.

The outlet pipe 3 is provided with a hood or cap 11, pivoted at 12 toone side of the said outlet pipe, so that it may be used to close thesaid pipe when desired.

In this type of heater, no wick or other device for feeding thefluid isnecessary. The oil is poured into the heater until the same is filled,so that the level of the oil will stand nearly to the height of theopening 5. W'hen it is desired to start the burner, the cap ll is thrownback from the outlet pipe and the draft regulating lid 6 is lifted. Atorch is then applied to the opening 5 so as to `ignite the crude oiltherein. rlhe speedy ignition of the crude oil may be facilitated by theuse of a small quantity of gasolene or other inflammable substance atthe hearth, if desired. rlhe draft will enter the opening 5 "passinginover the surface of the fluid and thence up the outlet pipe .3

carrying with it the products of combustion resulting from the burning`ofthe oil.

When the oil is ignited at the hearth only, the combustion is notcomplete and although the heater sends out a very eifective heat, therealso is produced at the upper end of the outlet pipe 3 a smudge 0r smokewhich will settle over the orchard and will serve in a small degree toprevent the rapid radiation of heat upwardly from the ground as wouldotherwise take place in the absence of the blanket of smoke. lf,l1owever,the torch is applied to the top of the smoke stack 3 after thefire has been burning a few minutes, combustion will also take place atthe upper end of the pipe, and the products of the incomplete combustionat the surface of the oil, will be ignited and the sn'iudge or smokewill practically disappear, producing, however, an intense heat. Theheight of the lid 6 is usually adjusted to allow suilicient air to befed into the heater, in order that the combustion of the fluid will bees nearly @Omni-ete .es possible,

The burner maybe used Without the smoke stack, or outlet pipe 3, ifdesired, but it has been found that the heater is not quite so eliicientWhenso used, due no doubt to the fact that the draft is not quite sogoed, and also to the fact that the heating area is in creasedby meansof the said outlet pipe. The combustion at the upper end of the stackdistributes the heat at a somewhat higher level and more eiicientlydistributes the same through the atmosphere in the neighborhoods. ofthetrees in the orchard. When vused jvvithout the smoke stack a greaterdegree of heat is obtainedby igniting the -oil at the yhearth asbefore,and by then again igniting the gas at the outlet nipplerQ, as isdonewhen the smoke stack is used. It. has, been found that the outlet pipe,3 is moreeiiicient when a certain length of pipe is used. If the heateris used With.- out the' pipe, it has been found not quite so eflicientas When the pipe is used, and furtherif the pipe vis yincreased inlength unduly, a decrease ineliciency is observed. A section of pipeabout'QeL inches in length for a heater of the size used in orchard Workis found t0 be about right'. Y

It will be seen that this deviceis capable of varying adjustment fordifferent purposesrand is veryV eliicient in any of the Ways Vin* Whichit' is used.v When serving both as afheaterand as afsmudge pot, it actsto heat theatmosphere in the neighborhood of the trees and' the blanketof smoke produced by the Aincomplete combustion of the oil will userveto retain 'the heat in the vicinity of the trees so aste,effectively prevent a further fall intemperature.- When used as aheater alone the amount of oil used in burning is no larger than whenused both as a heater and a smudge potbut the volume of heat is greatlyincreased. lVhen it is desired to confine the heat rtoward the lowestpart of the Ytrees or- `when used on small fruit the smoke staekmay bedispensed with and the heat Will be largely distributed close to theearth.y When intended for use With large trees Where the danger of frostthreatens all the trees, the useof the smoke stack will greatly increasethe volume of heat and Will distribute the same more eiiiciently for thefull height of the trees.

In 'practice theseburners are installed at regular intervals throughoutthe orchard and when it is found that the temperature is approaching thedanger point for the fruit, the Workmen Will passthrough the orchardlighting these burners in the manner described and the heat from ,thesaid burners will, ,act to 'keep 'the temperature of the the cap 1l isshut down on the outlet pipe 3. This will prevent the entrance of airand oxygen to the lire a ud the same will be soon extinguished.

It has been found that these burners are remarkably economical andeliicient and when properly used will entirely prevent freezing in theorchard under any ordinary frosty night conditions.

Thile I have illustrated my invention as being' cylindrical in shape, itis obvious that this shape is entirely immaterial and it could be of anyordinary shape and I do not Wish t0 confine myself to any particularform of apparatus, except as is limited in the claims hereto. The deviceis especially adapted for burning petroleum, but it is obvious thatother fluids could be used and the device is not ylimited to theparticular burning of oil.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire toprotect by Letters Patent is:

l. A portable burner for liquid fuel, comprising a fuel container, alateral. hearth thereon, said hearth extending from the upper to thelower ends of said container so as to conduct air to the bottom thereofwhen required, a cover for said container, and an outlet pipe on saidcover, said cover and outlet pipe being nnperforate and the interior ofthe container unobstructed, whereby the fuel in said burner is adaptedto burn both at the hearth and at the upper end of said outlet pipe. l

2. An orchard lmrner for liquid fuel comprising a container having itsinterior clear and unobstructed, an imperforate upwardly tapering coverthereon, an imperforate outlet pipe on said cover and a hearth on oneside of said container adapted to deliver v air to the fuel at any levelin said container and a damper on said hearth at the upper edge of saidcontainer.

8. A portable burner comprising a container for liquid fuel, animperforato tapered cover therefor, au imperforated outlet pipe on saidcover, a lateral hearth ou said container' and extendingfrom top tobottom thereof and an adjustable damper on the upper end of said hearth.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature this the 15th day ofFebruary A WILLIARD u, museen

